Catalytic composition for internal combustion engines, furnaces and boilers

ABSTRACT

A petroleum derived fuel composition of oil, diesel oil and gasoline including catalyst additive composition to improve the fuel efficiency and to reduce their air polluting effects. The composition includes aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbon solvents with and without oxygenated functional groups, terpenes and aromatic nitrogen containing compounds.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation in part application to my co-pending application Ser. No. 560,893 filed on Mar. 21, 1975, now abandoned.

OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION

As suggested above, an object of the invention is to provide a chemical mixture that when added to combustion fuels it improves the combustion properties of the latter.

Another object of the invention is to provide a combustion fuel additive that is effective when utilized in minute quantities.

A further object of the invention consists is that by using the additive involved in minute amounts the fuel properties improve by attaining a higher mileage per gallon.

A further object of the invention consists in that by using the additive involved in minute amounts the fuel properties improve by attaining a higher mileage per gallon (or kilometer per liter) ratio in vehicles.

A still further object of the invention is to provide a combustion fuel micro additive that checks or reduces its pollution effects.

These and other objects of the invention will be evident from the content of the following specification and appended claims.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Accordingly, the invention provides an additive composition for use with a petroleum derived fuel comprising aromatic hydrocarbons optionally substituted with one or two methyl groups, diesel oil, a terpene and a lower alkyl ketone. Optionally, it may also contain liquid vaseline and a carbocyclic aromatic nitrogen compound such as aniline or nitrobenzene. Such as additive may be employed in amounts of up to 0.2% by volume based on the volume of fuel.

More particularly it provides an additive which comprises:

From 12.8 to 5.6% by volume diesel;

From 6 to 20% by volume of bicyclic terpene such as pinene;

From 12 to 25% by volume of at least one of benzene, toluene or xylene;

From 12 to 25% by volume of methyl ethyl ketone or acetone;

From 0 to 16% by volume of liquid vaseline;

From 0 to 13.5% by volume of aniline;

From 0 to 15% by volume of nitrobenzene;

And from 2.2 to 3.1 Kg. of naphthalene per 100 liters of the above.

Preferably, the naphthalene may be employed in the form of "solution N" which is a composition of 15 kg. naphthalene flakes per 43 liters of diesel. If this "solution N" is employed, a suitable adjustment to the amount of diesel otherwise added should be made.

The invention refers to improvements in catalyzing additives of the hydrocarbon type for liquid fuels derived from petroleum, and to the process for their preparation.

These catalyzing additives are active colloidal suspensions with brownian movement, subject to total combustion at the same temperature as the fuels; because of their catalyzing effect they have as a fundamental property the reduction of the surface tension and viscosity of fuels, giving them a more homogeneous molecular structure which makes possible the fuller and more efficient use of the heat content of the fuels, besides improving their cetane and octane number.

    ______________________________________                                                   Surface tension                                                                          Viscosity at 25° C                                              dynes/cm                                                                               Centistokes                                                                              Saybolt                                          ______________________________________                                         Diesel without additive                                                                      38.4 ± 0.2                                                                            517       42.9                                         Diesel with additive: Proportion:                                                      1/5000                                                                               28.5      516       42.9                                                 1/2500                                                                               28.4 ± 0.2                                                                            513       42.8                                                 1/1000                                                                               28.4 ± 0.1                                                                            512                                                            1/500 28.4 ± 0.01                                                                           511                                                    ______________________________________                                    

With these data which are the average of three determinations it is concluded that there is no significant change in the surface tension when the additive is present in any concentration above 1/500; furthermore the reduction in viscosity is appreciable above the level of 1/2500, although quantities of additive above 1/500 cause a very small reduction in viscosity; hence it is determined that the most suitable proportion of additive to add to diesel is 1/500.

    ______________________________________                                                      Surface Tension                                                                          Viscosity at 25° C                                            dynes/cm  Centistoks                                              ______________________________________                                         Gasoline without additive                                                                     22.3 ± 0.1                                                                              0.566 ± 0.001                                    Gasoline with additive: Proportion:                                                     1/5000                                                                               22.1        0.566 ± 0.001                                             1/2500                                                                               21.7 ± 0.1                                                                              0.566 ± 0.001                                             1/1000                                                                               21.5 ± 0.1                                                                              0.560 ± 0.001                                             1/500 21.0 ± 0.1                                                                              0.555 ± 0.001                                    ______________________________________                                    

With these data which are the average of three determinations, it is found that the greatest reduction in surface tension is obtained with an additive concentration of 1/500, and in viscosity the proportions of 1/1000 and 1/500 cause an appreciable reduction accordingly the most adivisable proportion is taken to be 1/500.

    ______________________________________                                                        Surface                                                                        Tension Viscosity at 25° C                                              dynes/cm                                                                               a)     b)     c)                                        ______________________________________                                         Fuel oil for boilers & furnaces                                                without additive:                                                                               32.1 ± 0.1                                                                            816    889  4120                                                                      392                                                                            887                                          Fuel oil for boilers & furnaces                                                with additive:                                                                 Proportion: 1/500    31.9      800  871  4034                                                                      875                                                                            866                                                    1/2500   31.4      720  780  3631                                  ______________________________________                                          a) = centipoises                                                               b) = centistokes                                                               c) = Saybolt                                                             

Examination of these data shows an appreciable reduction in surface tension and viscosity when the additive is put in a concentration of 1/1000.

Interpretation of the foregoing data can be summed up as follows.

Diesel fuel. - There is no appreciable effect upon surface tension; viscosity is reduced; the most suitable proportion for adding the additive is 1/500.

Gasoline. - Surface tension is reduced and viscosity is reduced when the additive is added in the proportion of 1/1000 or more, the most suitable concentration being 1/500.

Fuel oil for boilers, furnaces, etc. - Reduces surface tension and viscosity when additive is added in the proportion of 1/1000.

After the tests carried out is Analytical Research Laboratories Inc., of Monrovia, California, actual physical runs were undertaken to evaluate the increased yield in fuels and their improved performance produced by the catalyzing additives of the present application, with the results indicated below.

    ______________________________________                                                               Fuel       Kilometers per                                           Distance   Consumption                                                                               liter of                                      Route      (Kilometers)                                                                              (Liters)   Fuel                                          ______________________________________                                         DIESEL FUEL WITHOUT ADDITIVE                                                   Mexico-Veracruz                                                                           446        205                                                      Veracruz-Mexico                                                                           446        218                                                      Round trip 892        423        2.108                                         DIESEL FUEL WITH ADDITIVE                                                      Mexico-Veracruz                                                                           446        141                                                      Veracruz-Mexico                                                                           446        165                                                      Round trip 892        306        2.915                                         ______________________________________                                    

These data show that consumption went down from 413 to 306 liters, that is to say 26.1%; hence the combustion efficiency increasing from 2.108 to 2.915 Kilometers per liter, went up by 38%.

    ______________________________________                                                              Fuel                                                                Distance   Consumption                                                                               Kilometers per                                 Route     (Kilometers)                                                                              (Liters)   Liter of fuel                                  ______________________________________                                         DIESEL FUEL WITHOUT ADDITIVE                                                   Mexico-Jalapa                                                                            333        153                                                       Jalapa-Mexico                                                                            333        162                                                       Round trip                                                                               666        315        2.114                                          DIESEL FUEL WITH ADDITIVE                                                      Mexico-Jalapa                                                                            333        105                                                       Jalapa-Mexico                                                                            333        123                                                       Round Trip                                                                               666        228        2.929                                          ______________________________________                                    

From these data it is evident that the consumption diminished from 315 to 228 liters, that is by 30.7%; hence fuel efficiency, increasing from 2.114 to 2.929 Kilometers per liter, went up by 27.8%.

It must be pointed out that the foregoing tests were carried out in buses on fixed routes.

For the above runs the additive was added to the diesel fuel in a ratio of 1 part additive to 500 parts diesel fuel because of the test results of Table B. The additive formulation was prepared by using the ingredients given below in the amounts stated in Table A so as to make a total volume of 100 liters of the additive formulation.

                  TABLE A                                                          ______________________________________                                                         Catalytic                                                                      ACTIVATOR FORMULATION,                                         COMPOUNDS       "D" for diesel                                                 ______________________________________                                         Solution "N"     10.4 Kgs. (8 Lts. Containing                                                       2.2 Kgs. Naphthalene)                                     Diesel fuel No. 2                                                              (Like carrier)   31.0 l.                                                       Terpene                                                                        Bicyclic compounds (C.sub.10 H.sub.16)                                                          10.0 l.                                                       Pinene                                                                         Benzene (C.sub.6 H.sub.6)                                                                       18.0 l.                                                       Methyl Ethyl Ketone                                                            (CH.sub.3 CCC.sub.2 H.sub.5)                                                                    18.0 l.                                                       Liquid Vaseline  10.0 l.                                                       Nitrobenzene (C.sub.6 H.sub.5 NO.sub.2)                                                         5.0 l.                                                                        100.0 l.                                                        ##STR1##                                                                      DIESEL ADDITIVE FORMULATION                                                    SPECIFICATIONS                                                                 Density At 77° F                                                                               0.8560                                                  Ref Reactive Index at 77° F                                                                    1.4836                                                  Viscosity at 77° F. SSU                                                                        31                                                      Flash Point, ° F                                                                               35.6                                                    Fire Point, ° F 46.4                                                    Calorific Value, BTU/lb                                                                               17190                                                   a) Ash Percent (1)     0.004                                                   b) Acid Number (2)     0.08                                                    c) Lead (Pb,ppm) (3)   0.2                                                     1) Burned at 800° C (1472 ° F)                                   2) Acid number determined by Astm Method-Acid number units                     are milligrams KOH per gram                                                    3) Lead determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry                      units are parts per million (ppm)                                              ______________________________________                                    

                  TABLE B                                                          ______________________________________                                         TEST OF ADDITIVE ON DIESEL FUEL                                                ______________________________________                                         API Gravity  D-287    33.1     33.0   33.0                                     Cetane Number                                                                               D-613    48.5     51.1   51.2                                     Aniline point ° F                                                                    D-611    146.0    146.0  146.0                                    Surface Tension                                                                             D-1331   25.23    24.95  24.60                                    (Dynes/cm)                                                                     Diesel Indez          48.326   48.18  48.213                                   Copper Corrosion                                                                            D-130    1A       1A     1A.                                      ______________________________________                                    

On the basis of the above tests results, it was decided to use one part additive per 500 parts diesel fuel.

Another test conducted with the catalyzing additives of the present application was made with the internal combustion engines which drive electric plants, of the make General Motors, Model 3150-B-20 with 3-71 engine with the following characteristics:

    ______________________________________                                                 1200        R. P. M.                                                           20          Kw                                                                 3           Phase                                                              220         Volt                                                               60          Cycle                                                      ______________________________________                                    

installed in the station of the Ministry of Communications at Cerro Chichinautzin, State of Morelos, Mexico, which is at an altitude of 3,239 meters above sea level; the following results were obtained, which were confirmed by the personnel of the said Ministry commissioned at the said station.

Before catalywing the fuel, the consumption of diesel per hour with the plant working under load was 11.4 liters per hour; after catalyzing the fuel and after a week of operation consumption was reduced to 5.7 liters per hour under the same conditions of operation. In addition, the opacity of the exhaust gases was reduced by 20% when the catalyzing additive was used; this corroborates the statement above made that the catalyzing additive of the present application reduces the emission of atmospheric contaminants.

The catalyzing additives were also tested in Automotive Testing Laboratories, Inc., to determine in what way they affect the emissions of combustion engines, as well as the way they increase the efficiency of the fuels; the results given below were obtained upon adding the additives to various fuels in the vehicles indicated.

Fuel: gasoline (winter grade). - Type of vehicle: automobile 1970 Model Gremlin. After 2,230 kilometers of operation. The amount of additive added was in the ratio of 1 part, per 500 parts of gasoline.

    ______________________________________                                         Emission of HC (Hydrocarbons)                                                                        reduced  1.7    %                                        Emission of CO        reduced  19.1   %                                        Emission of NO.sub.x  reduced  19.8   %                                        Emission of CO.sub.2  reduced  6.9    %                                        Efficiency of the fuel used increased                                                                         9.4    %                                        ______________________________________                                    

Fuel: Chevron Unleaded gasoline. - Type of vehicle: Gremlin Model 1974. After 812 kilometers of operation.

    ______________________________________                                         Emission of HC        reduced  21.5   %                                        Emission of CO        reduced  15.5   %                                        Emission of NO.sub.x  reduced  30.7   %                                        Emission CO.sub.2     reduced  3.9    %                                        Efficiency of the fuel used increased                                                                         5.3    %                                        ______________________________________                                    

The additive for the above runs was formulated by using the ingredients according to following table C in the amounts given to make up a 100 l. volume. The additive "C" specifications of the resulting formulation are given immediately after:

                                      TABLE C                                      __________________________________________________________________________                    Catalytic                                                                      Activator Additive Formulation                                  COMPOUNDS      "G"                                                             __________________________________________________________________________                    For Gasoline                                                    Solution "N"   10.4 Kgs. 8 l. containing                                                      2.2 Kg. Naptha-                                                                lene.                                                           Diesel fuel No. 2 (Like carrier)                                                              29 l.                                                           Terpene                                                                        Bicyclic compounds                                                                            9 l.                                                            (C.sub.10 H.sub.16)Pinene                                                      Benzene, Toluene or Xylene                                                                    15 l.                                                           (C.sub.6 H.sub.6 )                                                             Methyl Ethyl Ketone                                                                           25 l.                                                           (CH.sub.3 COC.sub.2 H.sub.5)                                                   Liquid Vaseline                                                                               4 l.                                                            Aniline (C.sub.6 H.sub.7 N)                                                                   10 l.                                                           TOTAL:         100 l.                                                          GASOLINE ADDITIVE "G"                                                          SPECIFICATIONS                                                                 __________________________________________________________________________     Density at 77° F                                                                            0.8550                                                     REF Reactive Indez at 77° F                                                                 1.4812                                                     Viscosity at 77° F SSU                                                                      31                                                         Flash Point ° F                                                                             35.6                                                       Fire Point, ° F                                                                             46.4                                                       Calorific value, BTU/lb                                                                            17159.4                                                    __________________________________________________________________________

    ______________________________________                                         A)       ASH PERCENT (1)      0.005                                            B)       ACID NUMBER (2)      0.04                                             C)       LEAD (Pb, ppm) (3)  0.2                                               ______________________________________                                          (1) BURNED AT 88° C (1472° F)?                                   (2) ACID NUMBER DETERMINED BY ASTM METHOD-ACID NUMBER UNITS ARE MILLIGRAM      KOH PER GRAM.                                                                  (3) LEAD DETERMINED BY ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROPHOTOMETRY UNITS ARE PART      PER MILLION (ppm).                                                       

    ______________________________________                                         TEST OF ADDITIVE ON GASOLINE                                                   TEXACO REGULAR LEAD                                                            (Ratio one part additive "G" per 500 parts gasoline)                                                        Base                                              Name       Method    Base    + Additive on Gasoline                            ______________________________________                                         ISD mg/100 ml        1.1   0.3                                                 +RON       D-2699    93.2  93.2                                                ++MON      D-2700    87.0  87.1                                                Ox Stability (min)                                                                        D-525     2650  2880                                                Copper Corr.                                                                              D-130     1A    1A                                                  ______________________________________                                          +(Research Octane No.) ++(Motor Octane No.)                              

    ______________________________________                                         TEXACO NO LEAD                                                                                              Base                                              Name       Method    Base    Base + Additive on Gasoline                       ______________________________________                                         ISD mg/100 ml        1.0     0.4                                               RON        D-2699    91.2    91.2                                              MON        D-2700    83.7    83.7                                              Ox Stability (min)                                                                        D-525     2040    2555                                              Copper Corr.                                                                              D-130     1A      1A                                                ______________________________________                                    

Effect of engine fuel catalyzer on exhaust emissions. 5HP single cylinder engine with an electric loading bank. I part of catalyzer was added to 500 parts of regular grade gasoline.

    ______________________________________                                         NO LOAD                                                                                   Regular                                                                        Grade  500:1                                                                   Gasoline                                                                              R.G. Gasoline & fuel catalyzer                               ______________________________________                                         RPM          3521     3510                                                     Fuel Flow, ml/min                                                                           5        5                                                        CO.sub.2, %  12.9     12.8                                                     CO,          3.7      1.3                                                      UBH, ppm.    7500     7300                                                     ______________________________________                                    

    ______________________________________                                         HALF LOAD                                                                      RPM               3130        3011                                             Fuel Flow, ml/min 6           6                                                CO.sub.2, %       12.2        12.0                                             CO, %             4.5         2.6                                              UBH, ppm          7800        7500                                             ______________________________________                                    

    ______________________________________                                         FULL LOAD                                                                      RPM               2940        2700                                             Fuel, Flow, ml/min                                                                               5           4                                                CO.sub.2, %       11.2        11.9                                             CO, %             6.4         3.1                                              UBH, ppm          8000        7300                                             ______________________________________                                          UBH = Unburned Hydrocarbons.                                             

In the case of fuel oil for boilers the formulation of following table "D" was prepared with the ingredients given so as to make up 100 lts additive with the specifications also given immediately thereafter.

                  TABLE D                                                          ______________________________________                                                            Ratio                                                                          1:1000                                                                         Catalytic                                                                      Activator                                                                      "C"                                                         Compounds          For Boilers                                                 ______________________________________                                         Solution "N"       15 Kgs. 11.5 Containing                                                        3.1 Kgs of Naph-                                                               thalene                                                     Diesel fuel No. 2 (Like carrier)                                                                  43.5 l.                                                     Terpene                                                                        Bicyclic compounds (C.sub.10 H.sub.16)                                         Pinene             9 l.                                                        Benzene, (C.sub.6 H.sub.6)                                                                        18 l.                                                       Methyl Ethyl Ketone                                                            (CH.sub.3 COC.sub.2 H.sub.5)                                                                      18 l.                                                       TOTAL:             100 l.                                                      RESIDUAL ADDITIVE                                                              FORMULATION SPECIFICATIONS                                                     0.8620                 0.8260                                                  REF REACTIVE INDEX AT 77° F                                                                    1.4922                                                  VISCOSITY AT 77° F SSU                                                                         31                                                      FLASH POINT ° F 35.6                                                    FIRE POINT, ° F 46.4                                                    CALORIFIC VALUE, BTU/lb.                                                                              17843.4                                                 A) Ash percent (1)     0.005                                                   B) Acid Number (2)     0.05                                                    C) Lead (Pb,ppm) (3)   0.4                                                     ______________________________________                                          1) Burned at 800° C (1472° F)                                    2) Acid number determined by ASTM Method-Acid number units are milligrams      KOH per gram.                                                                  3) Lead determined by atomic Absorption spectrophotometry units are parts      per million (ppm)                                                        

    ______________________________________                                         INFLUENCE OF ADDITIVE CATALYSER WITH                                           BOILER FUEL                                                                            Surface tension                                                                          Viscosity to 25° C                                            dynes/cm  cps.sup.(a)                                                                            cstk.sup.(a)                                                                            Saybolt.sup.(c)                             ______________________________________                                         Boiler fuel                                                                              32.1 ± 0.1                                                                              816     889    4120                                                                    892                                                                            887                                              Boiler fuel, plus                                                              additive 1/5000                                                                          31.9 ± 0.0                                                                              800     871    4034                                                                    875                                                                            866                                              1/2500    31.4 ± 0.0                                                                              720     780    3631                                                                    787                                                                            784                                              1/1000    31.2 ± 0.0                                                                              710     774    3591                                                                    776                                                                            778                                              ______________________________________                                          .sup.a) Centipoises                                                            .sup.b) Centistokes                                                            .sup.c) Saybolt Universal Seconds                                        

From the above it was decided that the additive should be added in a 1/1000 ration.

The quantities indicated in the foregoing description have been found to be the most suitable, although the invention is not restricted exclusively thereto.

Indeed the formulations can be varied in accordance with the ranges given for each of the ingredients according to the following Table E, which summarizes the data of tables F, H and I where the fourth and fifth components refer to more than one aromatic hydrocarbon and to more than one aliphatic ketone respectively:

                                      TABLE E                                      __________________________________________________________________________     Compound per volume percentage except for Naphthalene that is                  also given i Kg. of solution "N" disclosed below.                                          Ratio    Ratio    Ratio                                                        1:1000   1:500    1:500                                                        Catalytic                                                                               Catalytic                                                                               Catalytic                                                    Activator                                                                               Activator                                                                               Activator                                                    "C"      "C"      "C"                                              Compounds.  For Boilers                                                                             For diesel                                                                              For Gasoline                                     __________________________________________________________________________     1)                                                                               Naphthalene in                                                                 Flakes in solu-                                                                tion "N"(C.sub.10 H.sub.8)                                                     a) By weight                                                                             10 to 15 Kg.                                                                            10 to 13 Kg.                                                                            10 to 13 Kg.                                       b) By volume                                                                             8  to 11.5 l.                                                                           8  to 10 l.                                                                             8  to 10 l.                                        i.e.                                                                           weight of naph                                                                 talene    2.2                                                                               to 3.1 Kg.                                                                           2.2                                                                               to 2.75 Kg.                                                                          2.2                                                                               to 2.75 Kg.                                   2)                                                                               Diesel Fuel No.2                                                               (Like carrier)                                                                           47 to 21.5 l.                                                                           10 to 6.5 l.                                                                            10 to 6.5 l.                                     3)                                                                               Terpene                                                                        Bicyclic Com-                                                                  pounds (C.sub.10 H.sub.16)                                                     pinene    9  to 18 l.                                                                             6  to 20 l.                                                                             6  to 14 l.                                      4)                                                                               Benzene,Toluene                                                                or Xylene                                                                      (C.sub.6 H.sub.6 )-(C.sub.7 H.sub.8)                                           (C.sub.8 H.sub.10)                                                                       18 to 25 l.                                                                             12 to 18 l.                                                                             12 to 20 l.                                      5)                                                                               Methyl Ethyl                                                                   Ketone                                                                         (CH.sub.3 COC.sub.2 H.sub.5)or                                                 Acetone                                                                        (CH.sub.3 COCH.sub.3)                                                                    18 to 25 l.                                                                             12 to 18 l.                                                                             12 to 20 l.                                      6)                                                                               Liquid Vaseline    7  to 12.5 l.                                                                           5  to 16 l.                                      7)                                                                               Aniline (C.sub.6 H.sub.7 N) 7  to 13.5 l.                                    8)                                                                               Nitrobenzene       5  to 15 l.                                                 (C.sub.6 H.sub.5 NO.sub.2)                                                   TOTAL VOLUME                                                                               100                                                                               100   100                                                                               100   100                                                                               100                                           __________________________________________________________________________      ##EQU1##      In Table E column a) and b) means that the ingredients are mixed in the      amounts given in each column, thus covering the lower range for the value      under a) and the upper ranges given under b), in addition it should be      understood that the ratio given at the top of each column means that the      additive is added to the respective fuel in the ratio given in each case      regardless of whether under column a) or column b).

                                      TABLE E                                      __________________________________________________________________________     Compound per volume percentage except for naphthalene that is                  also given in Kg. of solution "N"disclosed below.                                           Ratio    Ratio    Ratio                                                        1:1000   1:500    1:500                                                        Catalytic                                                                               Catalytic                                                                               Catalytic                                                    Activator                                                                               Activator                                                                               Activator                                                    "C"      "C"      "C"                                                          Boilers  Diesel   Gasoline                                        Compound for:                                                                               (A)                                                                               (b)   (a)                                                                               (b)   (a)                                                                               (b)                                          __________________________________________________________________________     1)                                                                               Naphthalene in                                                                 flakes in solu-                                                                tion "N" (C.sub.10 H.sub.8)                                                    a) By weight                                                                              10 to 15 Kg                                                                             10 to 13 Kg.                                                                            10 to 13 Kg.                                      b) By volume                                                                              8  to 11.5 l.                                                                           8  to 10 l.                                                                             8  to 10 l.                                       c) e.i. Weight                                                                  of Naphthalene                                                                           2.2                                                                               to 3.1 Kg                                                                            2.2                                                                               to 2.75 Kg.                                                                          2.2                                                                               to 2.75 Kg.                                  2)                                                                               Diesel fuel No. 2                                                              (like carrier)                                                                            47 to 21.5 l.                                                                           50 to 6.5 l                                                                             50 to 6.5 l.                                    3)                                                                               Terpene Bicyclic                                                               compounds (C.sub.10 H.sub.16)                                                  pinene     9  to 18 l.                                                                             6. to 20 l.                                                                             6  to 14 l.                                     4)                                                                               Benzene (C.sub.6 H.sub.6)                                                                 18 to 25 l.                                                                             12 to 18 l.                                                                             12 to 20 l.                                     5)                                                                               Methyl Ethyl                                                                   Ketone (CH.sub.3 CCO.sub.2 H.sub.5)                                                       18 to 25 l.                                                                             12 to 18 l.                                                                             12 to 20 l.                                     __________________________________________________________________________

    ______________________________________                                                 Ratio    Ratio       Ratio                                                     1:1000   1:500       1:500                                                     Catalytic                                                                               Catalytic   Catalytic                                                 Activator                                                                               Activator   Activator                                                 "C"      "C"         "C"                                                       For boilers                                                                             For diesel  For gasoline                                      Compounds (a)     (b)    (a)    (b)  (a)    (b)                                ______________________________________                                         6) Liquid --         7 to 12.5 lts                                                                              5 to 16 l.                                    Vaseline                                                                       7) Aniline                                                                               --         --          7 to 13.5 l.                                  (C.sub.6 H.sub.7 N)                                                            8) Nitrobenz-                                                                  ene (C.sub.6 H.sub.5 NO.sub.2)                                                           --         5 to 15 l.  --                                            Total volume                                                                             100     100    100    100  100    100                                ______________________________________                                          ##EQU2##

                                      TABLE H                                      __________________________________________________________________________     Compounds per volume percentage except for Naphthalene that is                 also given in Kg of solution "N" disclosed below.                                          Ratio    Ratio    Ratio                                                        1:1000   1:500    1:500                                                        Catalytic                                                                               Catalytic                                                                               Catalytic                                                    Activator                                                                               Activator                                                                               Activator                                                    "C"      "C"      "C"                                                          For Boilers                                                                             For diesel                                                                              For gasoline                                                 (a)                                                                               (b)   (a)                                                                               (b)   (a)                                                                               (b)                                           __________________________________________________________________________     1)                                                                               Naphthalene in                                                                 flakes in solu-                                                                tion "N"                                                                       (C.sub.10 H.sub.8)                                                             a) by weight                                                                             10 to 15 Kg.                                                                            10 to 13 Kg.                                                                            10 to 13 Kg.                                       b) by volume                                                                             8  to 11.5 l.                                                                           8.0                                                                               to 10 Kg.                                                                            8.0                                                                               to 10 l.                                        c) I.E. Weight                                                                 of Naphthalene                                                                           2.2                                                                               to 3.1 Kg.                                                                           2.2                                                                               to 2.75 Kg.                                                                          2.2                                                                               to .75 Kg.                                    2)                                                                               Diesel fuel No. 2                                                              (Like carrier)                                                                           47 to 21.5 Lt.                                                                          50 to 6.5 Lt.                                                                           50 to 6.5 Lt.                                    3)                                                                               Terpene                                                                        Bicyclic Com-                                                                  pounds (C.sub.10 H.sub.16)                                                     Pinene    9  to 18 l.                                                                             6  to 20 l.                                                                             6  to 14 l.                                      4)                                                                               Toluene   18 to 25 l.                                                                             12 to 18 l.                                                                             12 to 20 l.                                      5)                                                                               Methyl Ethyl                                                                   Ketone                                                                         (CH.sub.3 COC.sub.2 H.sub.5)                                                             18 to 25 l.                                                                             12 to 18 l.                                                                             12 to 20 l.                                      6)                                                                               Liquid vaseline    7  to 12.5 l.                                                                           5  to 16 l.                                      7)                                                                               Aniline (C.sub.6 H.sub.7 H) 7  to 13.5 l.                                    8)                                                                               Nitrobenzene                                                                   (C.sub.6 H.sub.5 NO.sub.2)                                                                        5  to 15 l.                                               Total volume                                                                               100                                                                               100   100                                                                               100   100                                                                               100                                           __________________________________________________________________________      ##EQU3##

                                      TABLE I                                      __________________________________________________________________________     Compounds per volume percentage except for Naphthalene that is                 also given in Kg. of solution "N" disclosed below.                                         Ratio    Ratio    Ratio                                                        1:1000   1:500    1:500                                                        Catalytic                                                                               Catalytic                                                                               Catalytic                                                    Activator                                                                               Activator                                                                               Activator                                                    "C"      "C"      "C"                                              Compounds   For boilers                                                                             For diesel                                                                              For gasoline                                     __________________________________________________________________________     1)                                                                               Naphthalene in                                                                 flakes in solu-                                                                tion "N"                                                                       (C.sub.10 H.sub.8)                                                             a) by weight                                                                             10 to 15 Kg.                                                                            10 to 13Kg.                                                                             10 to 13 Kg.                                       b) by volume                                                                             8  to 11.5 l.                                                                           8  to 10 l.                                                                             8  to 10 l.                                        c) i.e. weight                                                                  of Naphthalene                                                                          2.2                                                                               to 3.1 Kg                                                                            2.2                                                                               to 2.75                                                                              2.2                                                                               to 2.75                                       2)                                                                               Diesel fuel                                                                    No. 2                                                                          (Like carrier)                                                                           47 to 21.5 l                                                                            50 to 6.5 l                                                                             50 to 6.5 l.                                     3)                                                                               Terpene   9  to 18 l.                                                                             6  to 20 l.                                                                             6  to 14 l.                                        Bicyclic                                                                       Compounds                                                                      (C.sub.10 H.sub.16)                                                            Pinene                                                                       4)                                                                               Xylene (C.sub.8 H.sub.10 )                                                               18 to 25 l.                                                                             12 to 18 l.                                                                             12 to 20 l.                                      5)                                                                               Acetone                                                                        (CH.sub.3 COCH.sub.3)                                                                    18 to 25 l.                                                                             12 to 18 l.                                                                             12 to 20 l.                                      6)                                                                               Liquid Vaseline    7  to 12.5 l                                                                            5  to 16 l.                                      7)                                                                               Anyline (C.sub.6 H.sub.7 N) 7  to 13.5 l.                                    8)                                                                               Nitrobenzene       5  to 15 l.                                                 (C.sub.6 H.sub.5 NO.sub.2)                                                   Total volume                                                                               100                                                                               100   100                                                                               100   100                                                                               100                                           __________________________________________________________________________      ##EQU4##

The method of preparation of the catalyzing additives is characterized by pouring into a metallic container at ordinary temperature and pressure from 1 to 50% of the aromatic hydrocarbon and one third of the total quantity of hydrocarbon diluent, mixing and mechanically stirring in order to complete homogenization. In another container which is at ordinary temperature and pressure pour and mix by mechanical stirring from 0 to 40% of the crude oleoresinous juice containing terpenes and from 3 to 55% of the organic solvents and co-solvents of aromatic hydrocarbon type or those with oxygenated functions of the formulas R--COR', R--OH, R'--COOR in which R and R' contains C₁ to C₈ chains until the oleoresinous juice is dissolved. The product obtained from this step is perfectly filtered and poured into a third container, mixing it with the solution obtained in the first step, by means of mechanical stirring for a period of 15 to 30 minutes, adding the rest of the hydrocarbon diluent in small portions until its perfect homogenization is obtained; to this product are added from 1 to 20% of paraffinic hydrocarbons, and from 2 to 15% of the aliphatic alcohol type solvent and the solution is vigorously stirred, allowed to settle for an hour and the accumulated water is decanted; finally to this product are added 2 to 15% of nitrogen containing compounds; the mixture is stirred, and filtered and the product is bottled. 

I claim:
 1. A petroleum derived fuel composition of improved efficiency comprising:a) a basic fuel selected from the group comprising fuel oil, diesel oil and gasoline, and b) an additive composition comprising a mixture of aromatic hydrocarbons with up to two methyl groups, lower alkyl aliphatic ketones, and bicyclic terpene compounds of the formula C₁₀ H₁₆, said additive composition being present in a microvolumetric concentration between 1/500 and 1/5000 by volume of the basic fuel.
 2. A fuel composition according to claim 1 in which the additive composition includes naphthalene.
 3. A fuel composition according to claim 1 in which the additive composition includes a compound selected from the group comprising nitro-benzene and aniline.
 4. A fuel composition according to claim 1 in which the additive composition includes liquid vaseline.
 5. A fuel composition according to claim 1 in which the additive composition includes a hydrocarbon diluent or carrier.
 6. A fuel composition according to claim 1 comprising:a) fuel oil, and b) an additive composition comprising by volume:

    ______________________________________                                         benzene               18 to 25%                                                methyl ethyl ketone   18 to 25%                                                pinene                 9 to 18%                                                naphthalene            8 to 11.5%                                              diesel oil (carrier)  47 to 21.5%                                              ______________________________________                                    

said additive composition being present in a microvolumetric concentration of 1/1000 by volume of the basic fuel oil.
 7. A fuel composition according to claim 1 comprising:a) diesel oil, and b) an additive composition comprising by volume:

    ______________________________________                                         benzene               12 to 18%                                                methyl ethyl ketone   12 to 18%                                                pinene                 6 to 20%                                                naphthalene            8 to 10%                                                liquid vaseline        7 to 12.5%                                              nitro-benzene          5 to 15%                                                diesel oil (carrier)  50 to 6.5%                                               ______________________________________                                    

said additive composition being present in the microvolumetric concentration of 1/500 by volume of the basic diesel oil.
 8. A fuel composition according to claim 1 comprising:a) gasoline, and b) an additive composition comprising by volume:

    ______________________________________                                         benzene               12 to 20%                                                methyl ethyl ketone   12 to 20%                                                pinene                 6 to 14%                                                liquid vaseline        5 to 16%                                                aniline                7 to 13.5%                                              diesel oil (carrier)  50 to 6.5%                                               ______________________________________                                    

said additive composition being present in the microvolumetric concentration of 1/500 by volume of the basic gasoline. 